Fish meal replacement studies
The composition of plant raw materials differs in particular from that of marine raw materials in terms of amino acids and fatty acids.
While fish oils are rich in omega-3 polyunsaturatedfatty acids, vegetable oils mainly contain omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids
and saturated fatty acids. These differences may modify the metabolic
processes involved in lipid storage.
However, INRA showed that the total
replacement of fish oil by a mixture of vegetable oils had no effect on either
growth or muscle lipid levels in the trout. However, feed containing the
mixture of vegetable oils caused a reduction in the levels of plasma
cholesterol and circulating LDL (low density lipoprotein, transport proteins)
and in the expression of the LDL receptor gene in the liver and adipose tissue.
A total replacement of fish
oil by a mixture of vegetable oils is thus possible in the trout, although
further studies are necessary to clarify the mechanisms responsible for the
cholesterol-lowering effect of vegetable
oils.
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